Hazard awareness
Driving safety fundamentals
Practical habits that give you time and space to react.
Informational purposes only. This content is general driver education and does not constitute insurance, legal, or professional advice. Always follow local traffic laws and posted conditions.
Keep a space cushion
Space is time, and time lets you react. Pick a fixed object ahead and count seconds after the vehicle in front passes it.
- Three seconds minimum in good conditions.
- Six seconds or more in rain, fog, or when towing.
- Leave room on at least one side for an escape path.
Eliminate distractions
Visual, manual, and cognitive distractions all slow reaction time. Make the cabin a focus zone before you shift into gear.
- Enable a driving focus mode on your phone.
- Adjust climate, audio, and seat before departure.
- Pull over safely if a task cannot wait.
Scan with purpose
Look 12 to 15 seconds ahead, check mirrors every five to eight seconds, and watch intersections for vehicles that may not stop.
Brake smoothly and early
Gradual braking keeps tires gripping and signals your intent to drivers behind. With anti-lock brakes, press firmly and steer; do not pump the pedal.
